Five Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

AuthID
P-00X-XG5
865
Author(s)
Murray, CJL
·
Abbafati, C
·
Abbas, KM
·
Abbasi, M
·
Abbasi-Kangevari, M
·
Abd-Allah, F
·
Abdollahi, M
·
Abedi, P
·
[+152]·
[+92]·
[+11]·
[+461]·
[+129]·
Zheleva, B
·
Zheng, P
·
Zhu, C
·
Ziapour, A
·
Zimsen, SRM
·
Lopez, AD
·
Vos, T
·
Lim, SS
Tipo de Documento
Article
Year published
2020
Publicado
in The Lancet, ISSN: 0140-6736
Volume: 396, Número: 10258, Páginas: 1135-1159
Indexing
Publication Identifiers
Source Identifiers
ISSN: 0140-6736
Export Publication Metadata
Info
At this moment we don't have any links to full text documens.
Name Order Nome   Name Order Nome   Name Order Nome
1 Murray, CJL;   2 Abbafati, C;   3 Abbas, KM;
4 Abbasi, M;   5 Abbasi-Kangevari, M;   6 Abd-Allah, F;
7 Abdollahi, M;   8 Abedi, P;   9 Abedi, A;
10 Abolhassani, H;   11 Aboyans, V;   12 Abreu, LG;
13 Abrigo, MRM;   14 Abu-Gharbieh, E;   15 Abu Haimed, AK;
16 Abushouk, AI;   17 Acebedo, A;   18 Ackerman, IN;
19 Adabi, M;   20 Adamu, AA;   21 Adebayo, OM;
22 Adelson, JD;   23 Adetokunboh, OO;   24 Afarideh, M;
25 Afshin, A;   26 Agarwal, G;   27 Agrawal, A;
28 Ahmad, T;   29 Ahmadi, K;   30 Ahmadi, M;
31 Ahmed, MB;   32 Aji, B;   33 Akinyemiju, T;
34 Akombi, B;   35 Alahdab, F;   36 Alam, K;
37 Alanezi, FM;   38 Alanzi, TM;   39 Albertson, SB;
40 Alemu, BW;   41 Alemu, YM;   42 Alhabib, KF;
43 Ali, M;   44 Ali, S;   45 Alicandro, G;
46 Alipour, V;   47 Alizade, H;   48 Aljunid, SM;
49 Alla, F;   50 Allebeck, P;   51 Almadi, MAH;
52 Almasi-Hashiani, A;   53 Al-Mekhlafi, HM;   54 Almulhim, AM;
55 Alonso, J;   56 Al-Raddadi, RM;   57 Altirkawi, KA;
58 Alvis-Guzman, N;   59 Amare, B;   60 Amare, AT;
61 Amini, S;   62 Amit, AML;   63 Amugsi, DA;
64 Anbesu, EW;   65 Ancuceanu, R;   66 Anderlini, D;
67 Anderson, JA;   68 Andrei, T;   69 Andrei, CL;
70 Anjomshoa, M;   71 Ansari, F;   72 Ansari-Moghaddam, A;
73 Antonio, CAT;   74 Antony, CM;   75 Anvari, D;
76 Appiah, SCY;   77 Arabloo, J;   78 Arab-Zozani, M;
79 Aravkin, AY;   80 Arba, AAK;   81 Aripov, T;
82 Ärnlöv, J;   83 Arowosegbe, OO;   84 Asaad, M;
85 Asadi-Aliabadi, M;   86 Asadi-Pooya, AA;   87 Ashbaugh, C;
88 Assmus, M;   89 Atout, MMW;   90 Ausloos, M;
91 Ausloos, F;   92 Ayala Quintanilla, BP;   93 Ayano, G;
94 Ayanore, MA;   95 Azari, S;   96 Azene, ZN;
97 B, DB;   98 Babaee, E;   99 Badawi, A;
100 Badiye, AD;   101 Bagherzadeh, M;   102 Bairwa, M;
103 Bakhtiari, A;   104 Bakkannavar, SM;   105 Balachandran, A;
106 Banach, M;   107 Banerjee, SK;   108 Banik, PC;
109 Baraki, AG;   110 Barker-Collo, SL;   111 Basaleem, H;
112 Basu, S;   113 Baune, BT;   114 Bayati, M;
115 Baye, BA;   116 Bedi, N;   117 Beghi, E;
118 Bell, ML;   119 Bensenor, IM;   120 Berhe, K;
121 Berman, AE;   122 Bhagavathula, AS;   123 Bhala, N;
124 Bhardwaj, P;   125 Bhattacharyya, K;   126 Bhattarai, S;
127 Bhutta, ZA;   128 Bijani, A;   129 Bikbov, B;
130 Biondi, A;   131 Bisignano, C;   132 Biswas, RK;
133 Bjørge, T;   134 Bohlouli, S;   135 Bohluli, M;
136 Bolla, SRR;   137 Boloor, A;   138 Bose, D;
139 Boufous, S;   140 Brady, OJ;   141 Braithwaite, D;
142 Brauer, M;   143 Breitborde, NJK;   144 Brenner, H;
145 Breusov, AV;   146 Briant, PS;   147 Briggs, AM;
148 Britton, GB;   149 Brugha, T;   150 Burugina Nagaraja, S;
151 Busse, R;   152 Butt, ZA;   153 Caetano dos Santos, FL;
154 Cámera, LLA;   155 Campos-Nonato, IR;   156 Campuzano Rincon, JC;
157 Car, J;   158 Cárdenas, R;   159 Carreras, G;
160 Carrero, JJ;   161 Carvalho, F;   162 Castaldelli-Maia, JM;
163 Castelpietra, G;   164 Castro, F;   165 Catalá-López, F;
166 Causey, K;   167 Cederroth, CR;   168 Cercy, KM;
169 Cerin, E;   170 Chandan, JS;   171 Chang, J;
172 Charan, J;   173 Charlson, FJ;   174 Chattu, VK;
175 Chaturvedi, S;   176 Cherbuin, N;   177 Chin, KL;
178 Chirinos-Caceres, JL;   179 Cho, DY;   180 Choi, JJ;
181 Chu, D;   182 Chung, S;   183 Chung, MT;
184 Cicuttini, FM;   185 Cirillo, M;   186 Cislaghi, B;
187 Cohen, AJ;   188 Compton, K;   189 Corso, B;
190 Cortesi, PA;   191 Costa, VM;   192 Cousin, E;
193 Cowden, RG;   194 Cross, M;   195 Crowe, CS;
196 Cummins, S;   197 Dai, H;   198 Dai, H;
199 Damiani, G;   200 Dandona, L;   201 Dandona, R;
202 Daneshpajouhnejad, P;   203 Darwesh, AM;   204 Das, JK;
205 Das Gupta, R;   206 das Neves, J;   207 Davey, G;
208 Dávila-Cervantes, CA;   209 Davis, AC;   210 De Leo, D;
211 Denova-Gutiérrez, E;   212 Deribe, K;   213 Dervenis, N;
214 Desai, R;   215 Deuba, K;   216 Dhungana, GP;
217 Dianatinasab, M;   218 Diaz, D;   219 Dichgans, M;
220 Didarloo, A;   221 Dippenaar, IN;   222 Dokova, K;
223 Dolecek, C;   224 Dorostkar, F;   225 Doshi, PP;
226 Doshi, CP;   227 Doshmangir, L;   228 Doxey, MC;
229 Driscoll, TR;   230 Duncan, BB;   231 Eagan, AW;
232 Ebrahimi, H;   233 Ebrahimi Kalan, M;   234 Edvardsson, D;
235 Ehrlich, JR;   236 Elbarazi, I;   237 Elgendy, IY;
238 El-Jaafary, SI;   239 El Sayed Zaki, M;   240 Elsharkawy, A;
241 El Tantawi, M;   242 Elyazar, IR;   243 Emamian, MH;
244 Eshrati, B;   245 Eskandarieh, S;   246 Esteghamati, A;
247 Esteghamati, S;   248 Fanzo, J;   249 Faro, A;
250 Farzadfar, F;   251 Fattahi, N;   252 Feigin, VL;
253 Fereshtehnejad, S;   254 Fernandes, E ;   255 Ferrara, P;
256 Ferrari, AJ;   257 Filip, I;   258 Fischer, F;
259 Fisher, JL;   260 Fitzgerald, R;   261 Foigt, NA;
262 Folayan, MO;   263 Fomenkov, AA;   264 Foroutan, M;
265 Franklin, RC;   266 Freitas, M;   267 Fukumoto, T;
268 Furtado, JM;   269 Gad, MM;   270 Gaidhane, AM;
271 Gakidou, E;   272 Gallus, S;   273 Gardner, WM;
274 Geberemariyam, BS;   275 Gebremedhin, KB;   276 Gebremeskel, LG;
277 Gebresillassie, BM;   278 Geramo, YCD;   279 Gesesew, HA;
280 Gething, PW;   281 Gezae, KE;   282 Ghadiri, K;
283 Ghaffarifar, F;   284 Ghafourifard, M;   285 Ghamari, F;
286 Ghashghaee, A;   287 Gholamian, A;   288 Giampaoli, S;
289 Gill, PS;   290 Gillum, RF;   291 Ginawi, IA;
292 Giussani, G;   293 Gnedovskaya, EV;   294 Godinho, MA;
295 Golechha, M;   296 Gona, PN;   297 Gopalani, SV;
298 Gorini, G;   299 Goulart, BNG;   300 Goulart, AC;
301 Grada, A;   302 Greaves, F;   303 Gudi, N;
304 Guimarães, RA;   305 Guo, Y;   306 Gupta, SS;
307 Gupta, R;   308 Gupta, R;   309 Haagsma, JA;
310 Hachinski, V;   311 Hafezi-Nejad, N;   312 Haile, LM;
313 Haj-Mirzaian, A;   314 Hall, BJ;   315 Hamadeh, RR;
316 Hamidi, S;   317 Han, C;   318 Hankey, GJ;
319 Haro, JM;   320 Hasaballah, AI;   321 Hashi, A;
322 Hassan, A;   323 Hassanipour, S;   324 Hassankhani, H;
325 Havmoeller, RJ;   326 Hay, SI;   327 Hayat, K;
328 Henok, A;   329 Henry, NJ;   330 Herteliu, C;
331 Heydarpour, F;   332 Ho, HC;   333 Hole, MK;
334 Holla, R;   335 Hoogar, P;   336 Hopf, KP;
337 Hosgood, HD;   338 Hossain, N;   339 Hosseinzadeh, M;
340 Hostiuc, M;   341 Hostiuc, S;   342 Househ, M;
343 Hoy, DG;   344 Hu, G;   345 Huda, TM;
346 Hugo, FN;   347 Humayun, A;   348 Hussain, R;
349 Hwang, B;   350 Iavicoli, I;   351 Ibeneme, CU;
352 Ibitoye, SE;   353 Ikuta, KS;   354 Ilesanmi, OS;
355 Ilic, IM;   356 Ilic, MD;   357 Inbaraj, LR;
358 Iqbal, U;   359 Irvani, SSN;   360 Islam, MM;
361 Islam, SMS;   362 Iso, H;   363 Iwu, CCD;
364 Jaafari, J;   365 Jahagirdar, D;   366 Jahani, MA;
367 Jakovljevic, M;   368 Jalali, A;   369 Jalilian, F;
370 Janodia, MD;   371 Javaheri, T;   372 Jenabi, E;
373 Jha, RP;   374 Jha, V;   375 Ji, JS;
376 Johnson, CO;   377 Jonas, JB;   378 Jürisson, M;
379 Kabir, A;   380 Kabir, Z;   381 Kalani, R;
382 Kalankesh, LR;   383 Kalhor, R;   384 Kanchan, T;
385 Kapoor, N;   386 Karami Matin, B;   387 Karch, A;
388 Karim, MA;   389 Karimi, SE;   390 Kasa, AS;
391 Kassebaum, NJ;   392 Kayode, GA;   393 Kazemi Karyani, A;
394 Keiyoro, P;   395 Khalid, N;   396 Khammarnia, M;
397 Khan, M;   398 Khan, EA;   399 Khan, G;
400 Khatab, K;   401 Khater, MM;   402 Khatib, MN;
403 Khazaie, H;   404 Khoja, AT;   405 Khubchandani, J;
406 Kianipour, N;   407 Kieling, C;   408 Kim, Y;
409 Kim, YJ;   410 Kimokoti, RW;   411 Kinfu, Y;
412 Kisa, S;   413 Kisa, A;   414 Kissoon, N;
415 Kivimäki, M;   416 Kneib, CJ;   417 Knight, M;
418 Koh, DSQ;   419 Komaki, H;   420 Kopec, JA;
421 Kosen, S;   422 Kotlo, A;   423 Koul, PA;
424 Koyanagi, A;   425 Krishan, K;   426 Krohn, KJ;
427 KS, S;   428 Kumar, GA;   429 Kumar, N;
430 Kumar, M;   431 Kurmi, OP;   432 Kusuma, D;
433 Kyu, HH;   434 Lacey, B;   435 Lal, DK;
436 Lalloo, R;   437 Lallukka, T;   438 Lan, Q;
439 Landires, I;   440 Larson, HJ;   441 Lasrado, S;
442 Lau, KM;   443 Lauriola, P;   444 La Vecchia, C;
445 Leal, LF;   446 Leasher, JL;   447 Ledesma, JR;
448 Lee, PH;   449 Lee, SWH;   450 Leonardi, M;
451 Leung, J;   452 Li, B;   453 Li, S;
454 Lim, L;   455 Lin, R;   456 Listl, S;
457 Liu, X;   458 Liu, Y;   459 Logroscino, G;
460 Lopez, JCF;   461 Lorkowski, S;   462 Lozano, R;
463 Lu, A;   464 Lugo, A;   465 Lunevicius, R;
466 Lyons, RA;   467 Ma, J;   468 Machado, DB;
469 Maddison, ER;   470 Mahasha, PW;   471 Mahmoudi, M;
472 Majeed, A;   473 Maled, V;   474 Maleki, S;
475 Maleki, A;   476 Malekzadeh, R;   477 Malta, DC;
478 Mamun, AA;   479 Manguerra, H;   480 Mansouri, B;
481 Mansournia, MA;   482 Mantilla Herrera, AM;   483 Martini, S;
484 Martins-Melo, FR;   485 Martopullo, I;   486 Masoumi, SZ;
487 Massenburg, BB;   488 Mathur, MR;   489 Maulik, PK;
490 Mazidi, M;   491 McAlinden, C;   492 McGrath, JJ;
493 McKee, M;   494 Mehndiratta, MM;   495 Mehri, F;
496 Mehta, KM;   497 Melese, A;   498 Memish, ZA;
499 Mendoza, W;   500 Menezes, RG;   501 Mengesha, EW;
502 Meretoja, TJ;   503 Meretoja, A;   504 Mestrovic, T;
505 Miazgowski, B;   506 Michalek, IM;   507 Milne, GJ;
508 Miri, M;   509 Mirica, A;   510 Mirrakhimov, EM;
511 Mirzaei, H;   512 Mirzaei, M;   513 Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M;
514 Misganaw, AT;   515 Moazen, B;   516 Moghadaszadeh, M;
517 Mohajer, B;   518 Mohamad, O;   519 Mohammad, Y;
520 Mohammad, DK;   521 Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N;   522 Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A;
523 Mohammed, S;   524 Mohebi, F;   525 Mokdad, AH;
526 Molokhia, M;   527 Monasta, L;   528 Mooney, MD;
529 Moradi, M;   530 Moradi, G;   531 Moradi-Lakeh, M;
532 Moradzadeh, R;   533 Moraga, P;   534 Morawska, L;
535 Morgado-da-Costa, J;   536 Morrison, SD;   537 Mosapour, A;
538 Mosser, JF;   539 Mousavi, SM;   540 Mousavi Khaneghah, A;
541 Mueller, UO;   542 Mullany, EC;   543 Musa, KI;
544 Naderi, M;   545 Nagarajan, AJ;   546 Naghavi, M;
547 Naghshtabrizi, B;   548 Naimzada, MD;   549 Najafi, F;
550 Naldi, L;   551 Nayak, VC;   552 Nazari, J;
553 Ndejjo, R;   554 Negoi, I;   555 Negoi, RI;
556 Netsere, HBN;   557 Nguefack-Tsague, G;   558 Ngunjiri, JW;
559 Nguyen, DN;   560 Nguyen, HLT;   561 Nichols, E;
562 Nigatu, YT;   563 Nikbakhsh, R;   564 Nixon, MR;
565 Nnaji, CA;   566 Nomura, S;   567 Noubiap, JJ;
568 Nowak, C;   569 Nsoesie, EO;   570 Nunez-Samudio, V;
571 Ogbo, FA;   572 Oghenetega, OB;   573 Okunga, EW;
574 Oladnabi, M;   575 Olagunju, AT;   576 Olusanya, JO;
577 Olusanya, BO;   578 Omar Bali, A;   579 Omer, MO;
580 Ong, S;   581 Ong, KL;   582 Onwujekwe, OE;
583 Oren, E;   584 Ortiz, A;   585 Ostroff, SM;
586 Oţoiu, A;   587 Otstavnov, N;   588 Otstavnov, SS;
589 Øverland, S;   590 Owolabi, MO;   591 P A, M;
592 Padubidri, JR;   593 Pakhale, S;   594 Pakshir, K;
595 Palladino, R;   596 Pana, A;   597 Panda-Jonas, S;
598 Parmar, PGK;   599 Pathak, M;   600 Patton, GC;
601 Pazoki Toroudi, H;   602 Peden, AE;   603 Pepito, VCF;
604 Peprah, EK;   605 Pereira, DM;   606 Pereira, A;
607 Pereira, J;   608 Perico, N;   609 Pescarini, JM;
610 Pham, HQ;   611 Phillips, MR;   612 Piccinelli, C;
613 Pilz, TM;   614 Pinheiro, M;   615 Piradov, MA;
616 Pirsaheb, M;   617 Pishgar, F;   618 Pond, CD;
619 Postma, MJ;   620 Pottoo, FH;   621 Pourjafar, H;
622 Pourmalek, F;   623 Prada, SI;   624 Prasad, N;
625 Pribadi, DRA;   626 Pupillo, E;   627 Quazi Syed, Z;
628 Rabiee, N;   629 Rabiee, M;   630 Radfar, A;
631 Rafiee, A;   632 Raggi, A;   633 Rahman, MHU;
634 Rahman, MA;   635 Ramezanzadeh, K;   636 Ranabhat, CL;
637 Ranta, A;   638 Rao, SJ;   639 Rao, PC;
640 Rasella, D;   641 Rashedi, V;   642 Rastogi, P;
643 Rawaf, S;   644 Rawaf, DL;   645 Rawal, L;
646 Rawassizadeh, R;   647 Rawat, R;   648 Razo, C;
649 Regassa, LD;   650 Reitsma, MB;   651 Remuzzi, G;
652 Renjith, V;   653 Renzaho, AMN;   654 Resnikoff, S;
655 Rezaei, N;   656 Rezaei, N;   657 Rezai, Ms;
658 Rezapour, A;   659 Rhinehart, P;   660 Riahi, SM;
661 Ribeiro, ALP;   662 Ribeiro, DC;   663 Rickard, J;
664 Roever, L;   665 Romoli, M;   666 Ronfani, L;
667 Roshandel, G;   668 Rubagotti, E;   669 Rumisha, SF;
670 Rwegerera, GM;   671 Saadatagah, S;   672 Sabour, S;
673 Sachdev, PS;   674 Saddik, B;   675 Sadeghi, M;
676 Sadeghi, E;   677 Saeedi Moghaddam, S;   678 Sahebkar, A;
679 Sahraian, MA;   680 Sajadi, SM;   681 Salem, MRR;
682 Salem, H;   683 Salimzadeh, H;   684 Salomon, JA;
685 Salz, I;   686 Samad, Z;   687 Samadi Kafil, H;
688 Samy, AM;   689 Sanabria, J;   690 Santomauro, DF;
691 Santric-Milicevic, MM;   692 Saraswathy, SYI;   693 Sarrafzadegan, N;
694 Sartorius, B;   695 Sarveazad, A;   696 Sathian, B;
697 Sathish, T;   698 Sattin, D;   699 Schaeffer, LE;
700 Schiavolin, S;   701 Schmidt, MI;   702 Schutte, AE;
703 Schwebel, DC;   704 Schwendicke, F;   705 Sepanlou, SG;
706 Sha, F;   707 Shafaat, O;   708 Shahabi, S;
709 Shaheen, AA;   710 Shaikh, MA;   711 Shams-Beyranvand, M;
712 Shamsizadeh, M;   713 Sharafi, K;   714 Sharara, F;
715 Sheikh, A;   716 Shetty, BSK;   717 Shibuya, K;
718 Shigematsu, M;   719 Shin, M;   720 Shin, JI;
721 Shiri, R;   722 Shivakumar, KM;   723 Shrime, MG;
724 Shuval, K;   725 Sigfusdottir, ID;   726 Sigurvinsdottir, R;
727 Silva, DAS;   728 Silva, JP;   729 Simonetti, B;
730 Singh, JA;   731 Singh, P;   732 Singh, A;
733 Sinha, DN;   734 Skryabin, VY;   735 Sliwa, K;
736 Smith, EUR;   737 Soheili, A;   738 Soltani, S;
739 Somefun, OD;   740 Sorensen, RJD;   741 Soriano, JB;
742 Sorrie, MB;   743 Soyiri, IN;   744 Sreeramareddy, CT;
745 Sripada, K;   746 Stanaway, JD;   747 Ştefan, SC;
748 Stein, DJ;   749 Steiner, C;   750 Stokes, MA;
751 Stranges, S;   752 Suchdev, PS;   753 Sudaryanto, A;
754 Sufiyan, MB;   755 Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R;   756 Sulo, G;
757 Swope, CB;   758 Sylte, DO;   759 Tabarés-Seisdedos, R;
760 Tabuchi, T;   761 Tadakamadla, SK;   762 Taddele, BW;
763 Taherkhani, A;   764 Tahir, Z;   765 Tamiru, AT;
766 Tang, M;   767 Tareque, MI;   768 Tefera, YGG;
769 Tela, FGG;   770 Temsah, M;   771 Terrason, S;
772 Thakur, B;   773 Thankappan, KR;   774 Thapar, R;
775 Thomas, N;   776 Titova, MV;   777 Tlou, B;
778 Tonelli, M;   779 Topor-Madry, R;   780 Torre, AE;
781 Touvier, M;   782 Tovani-Palone, MRR;   783 Tran, BX;
784 Travillian, R;   785 Uddin, R;   786 Ullah, I;
787 Unnikrishnan, B;   788 Upadhyay, E;   789 Vacante, M;
790 Vaicekonyte, R;   791 Valdez, PR;   792 Valli, A;
793 Vasankari, TJ;   794 Vasseghian, Y;   795 Venketasubramanian, N;
796 Vidale, S;   797 Violante, FS;   798 Vlassov, V;
799 Vollset, SE;   800 Vongpradith, A;   801 Vu, GT;
802 W/hawariat, FG;   803 Waheed, Y;   804 Wamai, RG;
805 Wang, F;   806 Wang, H;   807 Wang, J;
808 Wang, Y;   809 Wang, Y;   810 Watson, A;
811 Wei, J;   812 Weintraub, RG;   813 Weiss, J;
814 Welay, FT;   815 Werdecker, A;   816 Westerman, R;
817 Whiteford, HA;   818 Wiangkham, T;   819 Wickramasinghe, ND;
820 Wilner, LB;   821 Wojtyniak, B;   822 Wolfe, CDA;
823 Wondmeneh, TG;   824 Wu, A;   825 Wu, C;
826 Wulf Hanson, S;   827 Wunrow, HY;   828 Xie, Y;
829 Yahyazadeh Jabbari, SH;   830 Yamagishi, K;   831 Yaya, S;
832 Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V;   833 Yearwood, JA;   834 Yeheyis, TY;
835 Yeshitila, YG;   836 Yip, P;   837 Yonemoto, N;
838 Yoon, S;   839 Younis, MZ;   840 Younker, TP;
841 Yousefinezhadi, T;   842 Yu, C;   843 Yu, Y;
844 Yuce, D;   845 Yusefzadeh, H;   846 Zaidi, SS;
847 Zaman, SB;   848 Zamanian, M;   849 Zangeneh, A;
850 Zarafshan, H;   851 Zastrozhin, MS;   852 Zewdie, KA;
853 Zhang, Z;   854 Zhang, J;   855 Zhang, Y;
856 Zhao, XG;   857 Zhao, Y;   858 Zheleva, B;
859 Zheng, P;   860 Zhu, C;   861 Ziapour, A;
862 Zimsen, SRM;   863 Lopez, AD;   864 Vos, T;
865 Lim, SS;